RFID Library Application Solutions
2022-12-02
I. Overview:
1.1 Current Library Book Circulation Management System and Existing Problems
At present, the traditional book circulation management of our country's libraries all adopts the magnetic stripe and barcode system, the magnetic stripe is for security and anti-theft function, and the barcode is for the collection identification function. The main problems of the management system are:
It is difficult to arrange and arrange the shelves, and the labor intensity is high
Book search and inventory inventory are tedious and time-consuming
Audio-visual reading materials are difficult to circulate
The magnetic strip is easily degaussed, and the anti-theft effect is poor
Low degree of automation, lack of humanization in management
1.2 Application of RFID in library circulation management
The emergence of RFID technology has greatly improved the speed of data collection, especially in the process of movement to achieve fast, efficient and safe information reading and storage, and has the uniqueness of the identity of the information carrier. These characteristics determine the RFID technology in the book Wide range of applications in the museum field.
In the field of libraries in developed countries and regions such as Europe and the United States, it is becoming more and more common to use RFID tags to track and manage collections such as books and video tapes. In Singapore, Malaysia, Thailand and other Asian countries, it has also begun to use RFID tags a few years ago. RFID book system, China's first RFID book application system has been put into use in the new Shenzhen library opened in July, which marks that the RFID book digital identification system has officially landed in the field of libraries in my country.
2. RFID library solution
2.1 What is RFID
Radio frequency identification (RFID) is the use of radio frequency technology to identify goods. It has the functions of recycling, shelving, shelving and anti-theft. At the same time, it has more advantages than barcodes. It can replace or supplement existing barcodes. When labor costs need to be taken into consideration, such as borrowing and returning books, collections, shelving, shelving, management information systems, etc., RFID can be more efficient than traditional library barcodes.
RFID is a microelectronic technology based on the combination of radio frequency technology. Information on library materials is stored on tags with microchips, and information is exchanged using radio frequency technology.
2.2 Why use RFID
In many libraries at present, due to the constant size of librarians and the continuous growth of materials, the workload of sending, receiving, transporting, sorting and shelving is increasing, causing librarians to be busy moving books instead of books Manage business.
RFID provides an automated solution to this problem, thereby freeing librarians from most of the above tedious work, allowing librarians to return to formal book management services. At the same time, the use of RFID will reduce the communication time of logistics and information flow. The most significant savings are: the reading speed of RFID tags is much faster than that of barcodes, and the RFID system can also read multiple tags at the same time.
2.3 Technical specifications
2.3.1 Label
The bar code must use visible light, that is, the lamp or laser must be able to read the bar code to obtain information. At the same time, because the bar code instrument can only read information one by one, the procedures for borrowing and returning books are complicated and cumbersome to consume more time. RFID readers, on the other hand, can read multiple items at the same time, making library work more efficient.
2.3.2 How RFID works
Each RFID tag has a non-powered antenna that can be communicated by a powered antenna (belonging to an RFID scanner or reader on a security door).
The RFID reader is capable of emitting electromagnetic waves, while the tag antenna is capable of receiving these electromagnetic waves. When the tag antenna comes within RF (radio frequency) range, this RF zone established from the reader powers the tag's microchip circuitry. The chip then modulates the electromagnetic waves so that the tag can send information back to the reader. The reader works by converting the signal received from the tag into digital data and sending it to a computer for processing.
There are two types of labels generally used in library systems: standard labels and CD/DVD labels.
Standard labels are generally used on books, magazines, or on video tapes (mostly directly attached to the window of the video tape), and can also be used on CD and DVD boxes. RFID tags are not used directly on audiocassettes, not only for economic reasons, but they are better affixed to the boxes in which the audiocassettes are packaged.
CD/DVD labels are circular labels mainly for CDs and DVDs. Because the surface of CDs and DVDs is made of metal, and metal interferes with the use of ordinary labels, the round label will stick to the inner ring of CDs and DVDs, while the inner ring of CDs is non-metallic.
The tag used by the library also has another unique function, namely the EAS anti-theft function at 106 kHz: there is a set EAS anti-theft bit in the tag (set to "1" for books that have been checked out, and "1" for books that have not been checked out) procedure is set to "0"), when passing through the security door, the reader inside the security door can directly read the EAS anti-theft bit without triggering the signal, that is, the TTF mode. Therefore, when the book passes through the security door, it can complete the security detection without verification with the background database. The detection speed is fast, and it can maintain an induction rate of more than 95% no matter how many targets are in the system. While other systems provide tags that use RTF mode, that is, the mode in which the reader excites the tag, the sensitivity rate is only 70% or less.
2.3.3 RFID Standard
There are two related ISO standards for RFID systems in libraries: ISO 15693 and 18000-3. ISO18000-3 is a standard for reading and writing passive tags at 13.56 MHz. Tags have a 256-bit memory pattern consisting of four data blocks, each of which can be locked independently. The identification number of the bibliography, as the unique identification of the book in the database, is written into the label. Only when the identification number of the bibliography is extracted in the label, all the information of the bibliography can be obtained from the database very quickly and effectively.
RFID devices generally require the use of the SIP2 protocol to facilitate information exchange with the library management system. The RFID system must be able to communicate effectively with the library's Integrated Library Application System (ILS) to verify that the user is a valid user beyond the library's limits, and that items are permitted to be lent. Information about borrowing or returning books also needs to be passed back to the library management system.
RFID hardware will not cause any interference to current security systems, personal computers, telephones or other electronic equipment. RFID systems are also not harmful to the human body, including things like hearing aids or pacemakers. RFID hardware will also not affect objects of any magnetic media, including library cards, credit cards, video tapes, and more.
2.4 Functional characteristics of library RFID
2.4.1 Self-service borrowing and returning books
Using the RFID book lending system can make it easy for readers to check out books by themselves. Readers can use the self-service book lending system, which is much faster than the original barcode, to lend out multiple books at one time, and do not need to place the books in a standard position like the barcode system, making readers' borrowing procedures faster than before and simple too.
At the same time, the library can also provide automated pre-borrowing procedures and self-service book return systems. The automated pre-borrowing system will help readers put in their library cards at the borrowing point to pick up their pre-borrowed books directly, which means that pre-loaned books can be picked up 24 hours a day.
The automated book return system can be used both indoors and outdoors by placing book return boxes. Readers can receive a receipt through the self-return system that includes the return date, time, and contents of the returned book.
2.4.2 Sorting function
Library staff collect and move books by accepting pulleys using the RFID self-return system. The self-service book return system can not only provide the self-service book return function, but also provide a certain range of sorting equipment to achieve the sorting work before putting on the shelves. These functions include: Basic system Books are dropped into two return bins (one for library reshelving, the other for other functions like moving or other sorting functions;) More advanced sorting systems □Sort to multiple different Functional sorting boxes, different sorting areas and pre-loan pick-up areas will use different book return boxes.
2.4.3 Safety performance
The security can be improved through the RFID-based security system. A tag can be used as an identification number to confirm the target and can also have security and anti-theft functions, so it is more effective than barcodes and magnetic stripes.
The RFID system provides an additional layer of security by using the CKI or CKO off and on of the anti-theft identification bit on the tag, and when RFID is integrated into an automated processing system, RFID will broadly improve self-checkout, self-return, and anti-theft deterrent function.
2.4.4 Inventory inventory
Using the RFID system can be much faster than the original time-consuming barcode system. The inventory of a whole rack only needs to be scanned very easily. According to the experience of the National Library of Singapore, after using the RFID system, the collection work that was originally closed for one week can now be completed in just one day. RFID systems can also find missing and misplaced materials during the inventory process. By using the RFID system the library can now do frequent inventory.
2.4.5 Improve circulation
Under normal circumstances, after the library implements RFID technology, with the same number or fewer librarians, the library's material circulation will be greatly improved. Singapore public libraries are strongly improving their book lending capabilities after using RFID technology. In 2003, the Singapore Public Library was able to handle 31.7 million borrowed books and 31.5 million users, while in 1997, without implementing RFID technology, it could only handle 22 million borrowed books and 12.5 million users.
1.1 Current Library Book Circulation Management System and Existing Problems
At present, the traditional book circulation management of our country's libraries all adopts the magnetic stripe and barcode system, the magnetic stripe is for security and anti-theft function, and the barcode is for the collection identification function. The main problems of the management system are:
It is difficult to arrange and arrange the shelves, and the labor intensity is high
Book search and inventory inventory are tedious and time-consuming
Audio-visual reading materials are difficult to circulate
The magnetic strip is easily degaussed, and the anti-theft effect is poor
Low degree of automation, lack of humanization in management
1.2 Application of RFID in library circulation management
The emergence of RFID technology has greatly improved the speed of data collection, especially in the process of movement to achieve fast, efficient and safe information reading and storage, and has the uniqueness of the identity of the information carrier. These characteristics determine the RFID technology in the book Wide range of applications in the museum field.
In the field of libraries in developed countries and regions such as Europe and the United States, it is becoming more and more common to use RFID tags to track and manage collections such as books and video tapes. In Singapore, Malaysia, Thailand and other Asian countries, it has also begun to use RFID tags a few years ago. RFID book system, China's first RFID book application system has been put into use in the new Shenzhen library opened in July, which marks that the RFID book digital identification system has officially landed in the field of libraries in my country.
2. RFID library solution
2.1 What is RFID
Radio frequency identification (RFID) is the use of radio frequency technology to identify goods. It has the functions of recycling, shelving, shelving and anti-theft. At the same time, it has more advantages than barcodes. It can replace or supplement existing barcodes. When labor costs need to be taken into consideration, such as borrowing and returning books, collections, shelving, shelving, management information systems, etc., RFID can be more efficient than traditional library barcodes.
RFID is a microelectronic technology based on the combination of radio frequency technology. Information on library materials is stored on tags with microchips, and information is exchanged using radio frequency technology.
2.2 Why use RFID
In many libraries at present, due to the constant size of librarians and the continuous growth of materials, the workload of sending, receiving, transporting, sorting and shelving is increasing, causing librarians to be busy moving books instead of books Manage business.
RFID provides an automated solution to this problem, thereby freeing librarians from most of the above tedious work, allowing librarians to return to formal book management services. At the same time, the use of RFID will reduce the communication time of logistics and information flow. The most significant savings are: the reading speed of RFID tags is much faster than that of barcodes, and the RFID system can also read multiple tags at the same time.
2.3 Technical specifications
2.3.1 Label
The bar code must use visible light, that is, the lamp or laser must be able to read the bar code to obtain information. At the same time, because the bar code instrument can only read information one by one, the procedures for borrowing and returning books are complicated and cumbersome to consume more time. RFID readers, on the other hand, can read multiple items at the same time, making library work more efficient.
2.3.2 How RFID works
Each RFID tag has a non-powered antenna that can be communicated by a powered antenna (belonging to an RFID scanner or reader on a security door).
The RFID reader is capable of emitting electromagnetic waves, while the tag antenna is capable of receiving these electromagnetic waves. When the tag antenna comes within RF (radio frequency) range, this RF zone established from the reader powers the tag's microchip circuitry. The chip then modulates the electromagnetic waves so that the tag can send information back to the reader. The reader works by converting the signal received from the tag into digital data and sending it to a computer for processing.
There are two types of labels generally used in library systems: standard labels and CD/DVD labels.
Standard labels are generally used on books, magazines, or on video tapes (mostly directly attached to the window of the video tape), and can also be used on CD and DVD boxes. RFID tags are not used directly on audiocassettes, not only for economic reasons, but they are better affixed to the boxes in which the audiocassettes are packaged.
CD/DVD labels are circular labels mainly for CDs and DVDs. Because the surface of CDs and DVDs is made of metal, and metal interferes with the use of ordinary labels, the round label will stick to the inner ring of CDs and DVDs, while the inner ring of CDs is non-metallic.
The tag used by the library also has another unique function, namely the EAS anti-theft function at 106 kHz: there is a set EAS anti-theft bit in the tag (set to "1" for books that have been checked out, and "1" for books that have not been checked out) procedure is set to "0"), when passing through the security door, the reader inside the security door can directly read the EAS anti-theft bit without triggering the signal, that is, the TTF mode. Therefore, when the book passes through the security door, it can complete the security detection without verification with the background database. The detection speed is fast, and it can maintain an induction rate of more than 95% no matter how many targets are in the system. While other systems provide tags that use RTF mode, that is, the mode in which the reader excites the tag, the sensitivity rate is only 70% or less.
2.3.3 RFID Standard
There are two related ISO standards for RFID systems in libraries: ISO 15693 and 18000-3. ISO18000-3 is a standard for reading and writing passive tags at 13.56 MHz. Tags have a 256-bit memory pattern consisting of four data blocks, each of which can be locked independently. The identification number of the bibliography, as the unique identification of the book in the database, is written into the label. Only when the identification number of the bibliography is extracted in the label, all the information of the bibliography can be obtained from the database very quickly and effectively.
RFID devices generally require the use of the SIP2 protocol to facilitate information exchange with the library management system. The RFID system must be able to communicate effectively with the library's Integrated Library Application System (ILS) to verify that the user is a valid user beyond the library's limits, and that items are permitted to be lent. Information about borrowing or returning books also needs to be passed back to the library management system.
RFID hardware will not cause any interference to current security systems, personal computers, telephones or other electronic equipment. RFID systems are also not harmful to the human body, including things like hearing aids or pacemakers. RFID hardware will also not affect objects of any magnetic media, including library cards, credit cards, video tapes, and more.
2.4 Functional characteristics of library RFID
2.4.1 Self-service borrowing and returning books
Using the RFID book lending system can make it easy for readers to check out books by themselves. Readers can use the self-service book lending system, which is much faster than the original barcode, to lend out multiple books at one time, and do not need to place the books in a standard position like the barcode system, making readers' borrowing procedures faster than before and simple too.
At the same time, the library can also provide automated pre-borrowing procedures and self-service book return systems. The automated pre-borrowing system will help readers put in their library cards at the borrowing point to pick up their pre-borrowed books directly, which means that pre-loaned books can be picked up 24 hours a day.
The automated book return system can be used both indoors and outdoors by placing book return boxes. Readers can receive a receipt through the self-return system that includes the return date, time, and contents of the returned book.
2.4.2 Sorting function
Library staff collect and move books by accepting pulleys using the RFID self-return system. The self-service book return system can not only provide the self-service book return function, but also provide a certain range of sorting equipment to achieve the sorting work before putting on the shelves. These functions include: Basic system Books are dropped into two return bins (one for library reshelving, the other for other functions like moving or other sorting functions;) More advanced sorting systems □Sort to multiple different Functional sorting boxes, different sorting areas and pre-loan pick-up areas will use different book return boxes.
2.4.3 Safety performance
The security can be improved through the RFID-based security system. A tag can be used as an identification number to confirm the target and can also have security and anti-theft functions, so it is more effective than barcodes and magnetic stripes.
The RFID system provides an additional layer of security by using the CKI or CKO off and on of the anti-theft identification bit on the tag, and when RFID is integrated into an automated processing system, RFID will broadly improve self-checkout, self-return, and anti-theft deterrent function.
2.4.4 Inventory inventory
Using the RFID system can be much faster than the original time-consuming barcode system. The inventory of a whole rack only needs to be scanned very easily. According to the experience of the National Library of Singapore, after using the RFID system, the collection work that was originally closed for one week can now be completed in just one day. RFID systems can also find missing and misplaced materials during the inventory process. By using the RFID system the library can now do frequent inventory.
2.4.5 Improve circulation
Under normal circumstances, after the library implements RFID technology, with the same number or fewer librarians, the library's material circulation will be greatly improved. Singapore public libraries are strongly improving their book lending capabilities after using RFID technology. In 2003, the Singapore Public Library was able to handle 31.7 million borrowed books and 31.5 million users, while in 1997, without implementing RFID technology, it could only handle 22 million borrowed books and 12.5 million users.